ASCII 134
DaggerLowercase a with ring
ASCII 134 is † on Windows and å in old DOS.
† (Dagger) is byte 134 in Windows-1252, Unicode U+2020. Most people meet it as a footnote mark, the one that follows the asterisk, with ‡ (byte 135) next in line. Outside footnotes its meaning depends on the field: in German texts and family trees it marks a death date († 1832), and in biology it flags an extinct species. In scientific author lists it can mean deceased or equal contribution depending on the journal, so read the key before assuming. Don't swap it for the Latin cross ✝ (U+271D), a separate dingbat that Windows-1252 doesn't have. Garbled UTF-8 shows it as †followed by an invisible non-breaking space, from its bytes E2 80 A0. The HTML entity is †.
å (Small A with Ring) is byte 134 in code page 437, the original IBM PC character set, and maps to Unicode U+00E5. Windows-1252 has the dagger † at 134, so Scandinavian DOS text read as Windows-1252 turns på into p†. Code page 850 kept å at 134 too. Capital Å is 143 in DOS.
Technical Details
Technical Details
Code Example
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#include <stdio.h>int main(void) {/* On Windows (code page 1252) byte 134 is †.Modern terminals expect UTF-8, so print the code point, not the byte. */printf("\u2020\n"); /* UTF-8: E2 80 A0 */unsigned char b = 134; /* the raw Windows-1252 byte */printf("%d 0x%02X\n", b, b); /* 134 0x86 */return 0;}
Code Example
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#include <stdio.h>int main(void) {/* Byte 134 is å only on a console using code page 437(chcp 437 on Windows, or DOSBox). On a UTF-8 terminal thelone byte 0x86 is invalid and prints as garbage, often �. */putchar(134);/* char is signed on x86, so a plain char holding 0x86 is -122.Use unsigned char when you compare or index by byte value. */char c = (char)134;unsigned char u = 134;printf("\n%d %d\n", c, u); /* -122 134 *//* Portable: print the Unicode character as UTF-8 instead. */printf("\u00E5\n"); /* C3 A5 */return 0;}
How to Type It
- Windows
- Hold Alt and type 0134 on the numeric keypad, with Num Lock on. The leading zero picks the Windows code page. No numeric keypad? In Word, type 2020 and press Alt+X.
- Mac
- Press Option+T.
- Linux
- In GNOME, or any desktop running IBus, press Ctrl+Shift+U, type 2020, then Space. With a Compose key set up, press Compose, bar, minus.
- Phone
- Tap the character at the top of this page to copy it.
How to Type It
- Windows
- Hold Alt and type 134 on the numeric keypad, with no leading zero. Windows reads it as a DOS code and inserts å.
å is also ASCII 229 on Windows, which has the full guide.
Frequently Asked Questions
The section sign § (byte 167), then the double vertical line ‖ and then #. After that the sequence starts over with doubled marks, so **, ††, ‡‡. This is the order the Chicago Manual of Style gives. If a single page or table needs more notes than that, switch to numbers, which readers follow more easily.
Use \dag in running text and \dagger in math mode. To have LaTeX mark all your footnotes with symbols instead of numbers, put `\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}` in the preamble, and it will cycle through *, † and ‡ onward on its own.
Put * before the birth date and † before the death date, each followed by a space: Goethe (* 1749 in Frankfurt; † 1832 in Weimar). That's the standard German format in reference works and biographies. Some writers use geb. and gest. instead, particularly for people whose faith makes a cross inappropriate.
The file is DOS text. Code page 437 and its Nordic variants store å as byte 134, where Windows-1252 has †, so på turns into p†. The neighbors fail too, with ä becoming „ and ö becoming ”, which makes för read as f”r. If it's a CSV, reimport it in LibreOffice Calc and pick a DOS character set in the import dialog.
Frequently Asked Questions
The file is DOS text. Code page 437 and its Nordic variants store å as byte 134, where Windows-1252 has †, so på turns into p†. The neighbors fail too, with ä becoming „ and ö becoming ”, which makes för read as f”r. If it's a CSV, reimport it in LibreOffice Calc and pick a DOS character set in the import dialog.